The endothelium is a cell layer that lines the body’s blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. These cells are necessary to maintain healthy organs, tissues, and overall body function. The cells of the ...

In the body, tissues, and cells making up the lungs, heart, and skin, for example, also have elastic qualities to support normal physiological functions. Elastin —a significant structural protein that ...

Basement membranes are extracellular matrices—flat sheets of protein and carbohydrate—that are essential for tissue architecture and function. But like all tissues, they are subject to damage. Until ...

Our bodies are constantly breaking down. Over time, their built-in repair mechanisms also fail. Knee cartilage grinds away. Hip joints no longer support weight. Treatments for breast cancer and other ...

Hormones are the body’s chemical messengers. They act on various tissues and organs in the body to change their behavior. For example, the hormone prolactin stimulates the production of breastmilk.