Testing can be one of the most problematic steps in a design chain. When new technologies emerge, test equipment usually lags a step behind. As such, it is imperative that test equipment become more ...

Harvard SEAS researchers have created an electro-optic digital-to-analog converter that bridges electronic and photonic signals for efficient photonic computing and signal processing. The device is ...

Signal modulation is one of the most basic and important concepts in the RF industry. It consists of using the variation of one or more parameters of a carrier signal to transmit information, ...

This application note reviews a circuit technique that is used to create an analog signal output using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). The paper explains the theory and provides some circuit examples.