It’s not only people addicted to alcohol or drugs who experience significant withdrawal symptoms if they stop using. Antidepressant (AD) withdrawal symptoms are also common, can be severe and ...

We need a new paradigm for addiction that puts psychology first and recognizes its heterogeneity. Only then will we see that for some, addiction is a form of deliberate self-harm.

Recreational drug use often begins as a seemingly harmless activity, a way to unwind, socialize or experiment. However, what starts as occasional use can quickly spiral into addiction, with ...

A vast majority of American adults say they have consumed alcohol at some point — yet experts warn that alcoholic beverages could be a "gateway drug" to more harmful substances. More than 84% of ...

Everyday human behavior is guided and shaped by the search for rewards. This includes eating tasty meals, drinking something refreshing, sexual activity and nurturing children. Many of these behaviors ...