Trapped heat lurking beneath the surface of the Southern Ocean, not just atmospheric warming or wind patterns, appears to be a primary driver behind Antarctica’s dramatic sea ice collapse since 2016.

While scientists cite direct evidence that the Antarctic ice sheet is melting, their theories about the reasons are controversial. Most scientists see global warming as one of the factors. But whether ...

If the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation shut down, the knock-on effects could release hundreds of billions of ...