Mantle plumes beneath volcanic hotspots, like Hawaii, Iceland, and the Galapagos, seem to be anchored into a large structure ...

What is the chemical composition of the Earth’s interior? Because it is impossible to drill more than about ten kilometres deep into the Earth, volcanic rocks formed by melting Earth’s deep interior ...

Researchers proposed a “potential oxygen fugacity” parameter to directly compare the fO 2 characteristics of melts formed at different depths. The oxygen fugacity (fO 2) of the mantle controls the ...

The record-breaking mission offers an unprecedented opportunity to study the geology of our planet’s largest layer.

A research team Led by Professor WU Zhongqing from the School of Earth and Space Sciences at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences（CAS）, in ...

1. Introduction -- 2. General physical and chemical models of the Earth's lower mantle -- 3. Lower-mantle mineral associations -- 4. Ultramafic lower-mantle mineral associations -- 5. Mafic ...