Lauri Francis asks her 8th graders which terms they don’t understand in the paragraph their classmates just read aloud. “Blind spot,” one says. Ms. Francis writes the two words on the blackboard.

Steve Chinn does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...

Sherria Hoskins has received funding from the Education Edowment Foundation (two grants) to carry out Randomised Controlled Trials into Mindset. Alexei Vernitski does not work for, consult, own shares ...