This simulation illustrates the effects of different sampling rates on a 100 Hz sine wave signal as it passes through an ADC–DAC system. The top (blue) waveform represents the original smooth sine wave. Below it, the green trace shows the reconstructed output when sampled at 1000 Hz — the waveform is closely matched to the original, with minimal distortion. The orange trace, sampled at 666 Hz, still follows the sine wave shape but with visible “stair-stepping” due to fewer samples per cycle. The

This simulation demonstrates the concept of ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) sampling rates and how they affect the representation of an analog signal. The analog input is sampled at different frequencies—500 Hz, 1 kHz, and 2 kHz—using clock signals. As shown in the waveforms, higher sampling rates capture more details of the original signal, producing a smoother digital output, while lower sampling rates capture fewer points, leading to a more distorted and stair-stepped output. This illustrat

This simulation illustrates the effects of different sampling rates on an analog signal using ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) and DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter) circuits. The top purple waveform represents the original analog sinusoidal input signal at 100 Hz. The other three reconstructed waveforms — orange, green, and red — show the DAC outputs for high, medium, and low sampling rates, respectively: Orange waveform → Highest sampling rate: The output closely follows the original analog si