Difficulty in emptying the bladder can be due to issues in the bladder (weak muscles, neurological causes) or urethra (stricture, bladder neck obstruction, prostate enlargement). Urinary retention symptoms include prolonged urination, feeling of incomplete emptying, and frequent urges with scanty urine. Diagnosis involves tests like urine flow rate (UFR) to assess urine flow speed. Treatment varies—medications help bladder contraction or relax the prostate, but urethral strictures may require en

Paula Bellin, MD, Urologist at UMass Memorial Medical Center, discusses the reason for voiding dysfunction and how it is diagnosed to provide targeted treatment options. | UMass Memorial Health